Psychosocial factors as determinants of biological accidents in healthcare workersS.
Palabras clave:
Factores de riesgo ocupacional; riesgo biológico; accidente laboral; personal sanitario; pinchazos con agujas; salud laboral.
Resumen
Objetivo: Conocer cómo influyen los factores psicosociales en la prevalencia de exposiciones biológicas accidentales (EBA) en sanitarios.
Material y método: Estudio descriptivo observacional, retrospectivo, transversal de 475 sanitarios del Departamento de Salud Clínico-Malvarrosa (Valencia) durante el 2.022. Se analizaron características sociodemográficas y laborales, calidad del sueño con el Cuestionario Pisttsburg (PSQI), ansiedad con la Escala de Ansiedad Generalizada (GAD-7), estrés con la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-10), burnout con el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y actividad física con el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). Paralelamente, se preguntó si se había sufrido EBA laboral durante el último año. Se buscaron diferencias significativas correlacionando EBA con alteraciones psicosociales.
Resultados: Media de edad de 38,40 años con tiempo medio trabajado de 11,65. El 43% eran enfermeros/as y el 87% trabajaba en hospital y el 13% en Atención Primaria. El 26% sufrió EBA el pasado año. La mayoría presentó mala calidad del sueño y ansiedad. La puntuación media en PSS-10 fue de 12,60, (considerable estrés). La subescala de agotamiento del MBI mostró una media de 17 puntos, la de despersonalización 6,12 y la de realización personal 40,22. El 43% no cumplía recomendaciones de actividad física.
Variables predictoras de EBA del análisis multivariante: edad, calidad del sueño, ansiedad, estrés, despersonalización, baja realización personal y horas sentados al día.
Conclusiones: Los sanitarios que sufrieron EBA, dormía peor, presentaban mayor ansiedad, estrés y tendencia al síndrome de burnout en cuanto a despersonalización y desgaste profesional y estilo de vida sedentario.
Citas
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1557308718302245
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22. da Silva K, Cattani AN, Hirt MC, Peserico A, da Silva RM, Beck CLC. Excessive daytime sleepiness and the effects of work on the health of nursing workers TT - Soñolencia diurna excessiva e os efeitos do trabalho na saúde de trabalhadores de enfermagem Somnolencia diurna excesiva y los efectos del trabajo en la salud de t. Enfermería Glob [Internet]. 2020;19(1):289–301. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27869249/
23. Uehli K, Mehta AJ, Miedinger D, Hug K, Schindler C, Holsboer-Trachsler E, et al. Sleep problems and work injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2014;18(1):61–73. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23702220/
24. García-Batista ZE, Guerra-Peña K, Kandany VN, Marte MI, Garrido LE, Cantisano- Guzmán LM, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and health worker stress: The mediating effect of emotional regulation. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):1–13. Disponible en: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259013
25. Masoumi M, Shokraee K, Mohammadi S, Moradi S, Bagherzade M, Balasi J, et al. Sleep duration as the main indicator of self-rated wellness and health among healthcare workers involved in the covid-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(1):1–10. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750615/
26. Bardhan R, Heaton K, Davis M, Chen P, Dickinson DA, Lungu CT. A cross sectional study evaluating psychosocial job stress and health risk in emergency department nurses. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(18). Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6765813/
27. D’ettorre G, Pellicani V, Greco M. Job stress and needlestick injuries in nurses: A retrospective observational study. Acta Biomed. 2020; 91:45–9. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168312/
28. Zhang XJ, Song Y, Jiang T, Ding N, Shi TY. Interventions to reduce burnout of physicians and nurses: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 26;99(26): e20992. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32590814/.
29. Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
30. Panczyk, M., Woynarowska-Sołdan, M., Żmuda-Trzebiatowska, H., & Gotlib, J. (2018). Health-enhancing behaviours of nurses in Poland and their association with shift work and age. Collegian,25(3), 255-261. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32772471/
31. Sooriyaarachchi P, Pavey T, King NA. Shift work and the risk for metabolic syndrome among healthcare workers : A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022;(March):1–10. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35734805/
32. Quezada AD, Macías-waldman N, Salmerón J, Swigart T, Gallegos-carrillo K. Physical activity and calorie intake mediate the relationship from depression to body fat mass among female Mexican health workers. 2017;1–13. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693575/
33. Seaton CL, Bottorff JL, Jones-bricker M, Lamont S. The Role of Positive Emotion and Ego-Resilience in Determining Men’ s Physical Activity Following a Workplace Health Intervention. 2018. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30334492/
2. Jahic R, Piljic D, Porobic-Jahic H, Custović A, Petrovic J, Piljic D. Epidemiological Characteristics of the Accidental Exposures to Blood-Borne Pathogens Among Workers in the Hospital. Med Arch (Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina). 2018;72(3):187–91. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6021162/
3. Dilie A, Amare D, Gualu T. Occupational Exposure to Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries and Associated Factors among Health Care Workers in Awi Zone, Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016. J Environ Public Health. 2017;2017. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569625/
4. Garus-Pakowska, A.;Górajski, M.; Sakowski, P. Non-Safety and Safety Device SharpInjuries—Risk of Incidents, SEDsAvailability, Attitudes andPerceptions of Nurses According toCross-Sectional Survey in Poland. Int.J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19,11315. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811315
5. Cho E., Lee H. CM et al. Factors associated with needlestick and sharp injuries amonghospital nurses. Int J Nurs stud R.korea. 2014;50(8):1025–32. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0020748912002489?via%3Dihu b
6. Soares LG ramazi., Sarquis LM ari. M, Kirchhof AL úci. C, Felli VE lis. A. Multicausalidade nos acidentes de trabalho da Enfermagem com material biológico. Rev Bras Enferm. 2013;66(6):854–9. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/reben/a/S5fR3XW4nGQsXKxKjDjXvDM/?lang=pt
7. Thomas CM, Bantz DL, McIntosh CE. Nurse Faculty Burnout and Strategies to Avoid it. Teach Mehrdad R, Atkins EH, Sharifian SA, Pouryaghoub G. Psychosocial factors at work and blood-borne exposure among nurses. Int J Occup Environ Med 2014;4:32-39. Disponible en:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1557308718302245
8. Ross A, Bevans M, Brooks AT, Gibbons S, Wallen GR. Nurses and Health-Promoting Behaviors: Knowledge May Not Translate Into Self-Care. Physiology & behavior [revista en Internet] 2016; 176(1): 100-106. 2018;105(3):267–75. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5536335/pdf/nihms848120.pdf
9. Panczyk, M., Woynarowska-Sołdan, M., Żmuda-Trzebiatowska, H., & Gotlib, J. (2018). Health-enhancing behaviours of nurses in Poland and their association with shift work and age. Collegian,25(3), 255-261. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2017.07.001
10. Banco de Instrumentos y metodologías en Salud Mental [Internet]. CIBERSAM. 2015 Disponible en: https://bi.cibersam.es/busqueda-de-instrumentos/ficha?Id=254
11. Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
12. Campo-Arias A, Oviedo HC, Herazo E. The psychometric performance of the perceived stress scale-10 on medical students from bucaramanga, Colombia. Rev Fac Med. 2014;62(3):407–13. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revfacmed/article/view/43735
13. Maslach C, Jackson S. Validación cuestionario Burnout. MBI. 1981;0–1. Disponible en:https://www.ecestaticos.com/file/035b15f97effea4c69fd6519e8114bcf/1515665476- cuestionario_burnout.pdf
14. Rodríguez-Muñoz, S.; Corella, C.; Abarca-Sos, A.; Zaragoza, J. Validation of three short physical activity questionnaires with accelerometers among university students in Spain. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 2017, 57, 1660–1668. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28249383/
15. Swets, J.A. Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems. Science 1988, 240, 1285– 1293. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3287615/
16. Soares RZ, Schoen AS, Da Rocha Gomes Benelli K, Araújo MS, Neves M. Analysis of reported work accidents involving healthcare workers and exposure to biological materials. Rev Bras Med do Trab. 2019;17(2):201–8. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32270122/
17. Rohde KA, Dupler AE, Postma J, Sanders A. Minimizing Nurses’ Risks for Needlestick Injuries in the Hospital Setting. Workplace Health Saf. 2013;61(5):197–202. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23650894/
18. Valent F, Di Bartolomeo S, Marchetti R, Sbrojavacca R, Barbone F. A case-crossover study of sleep and work hours and the risk of road traffic accidents. Sleep. 2010;33(3):349–54. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831429/
19. Chatterjee K, Ambekar P. Study of insomnia in rotating shift-workers. Ind Psychiatry J. 2017;26(1):82. Disponible en: https://www.industrialpsychiatry.org/article.asp?issn=0972-6748;year=2017;volume=26;issue=1;spage=82;epage=85;aulast=Chatterjee
20. Bazazan A, Dianat I, Mombeini Z, Aynehchi A, Asghari Jafarabadi M. Fatigue as a mediator of the relationship between quality of life and mental health problems in hospital nurses. Accid Anal Prev. 2019 May; 126:31-36. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29454465/
21. Valent F, Mariuz M, Liva G, Bellomo F, De Corti D, Degan S, et al. A case-crossover study of sleep, fatigue, and other transient exposures at workplace and the risk of non- fatal occupational injuries among the employees of an Italian academic hospital. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2016;29(6):1001–9. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27869249/
22. da Silva K, Cattani AN, Hirt MC, Peserico A, da Silva RM, Beck CLC. Excessive daytime sleepiness and the effects of work on the health of nursing workers TT - Soñolencia diurna excessiva e os efeitos do trabalho na saúde de trabalhadores de enfermagem Somnolencia diurna excesiva y los efectos del trabajo en la salud de t. Enfermería Glob [Internet]. 2020;19(1):289–301. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27869249/
23. Uehli K, Mehta AJ, Miedinger D, Hug K, Schindler C, Holsboer-Trachsler E, et al. Sleep problems and work injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2014;18(1):61–73. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23702220/
24. García-Batista ZE, Guerra-Peña K, Kandany VN, Marte MI, Garrido LE, Cantisano- Guzmán LM, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and health worker stress: The mediating effect of emotional regulation. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):1–13. Disponible en: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259013
25. Masoumi M, Shokraee K, Mohammadi S, Moradi S, Bagherzade M, Balasi J, et al. Sleep duration as the main indicator of self-rated wellness and health among healthcare workers involved in the covid-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(1):1–10. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750615/
26. Bardhan R, Heaton K, Davis M, Chen P, Dickinson DA, Lungu CT. A cross sectional study evaluating psychosocial job stress and health risk in emergency department nurses. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(18). Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6765813/
27. D’ettorre G, Pellicani V, Greco M. Job stress and needlestick injuries in nurses: A retrospective observational study. Acta Biomed. 2020; 91:45–9. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168312/
28. Zhang XJ, Song Y, Jiang T, Ding N, Shi TY. Interventions to reduce burnout of physicians and nurses: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 26;99(26): e20992. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32590814/.
29. Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
30. Panczyk, M., Woynarowska-Sołdan, M., Żmuda-Trzebiatowska, H., & Gotlib, J. (2018). Health-enhancing behaviours of nurses in Poland and their association with shift work and age. Collegian,25(3), 255-261. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32772471/
31. Sooriyaarachchi P, Pavey T, King NA. Shift work and the risk for metabolic syndrome among healthcare workers : A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022;(March):1–10. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35734805/
32. Quezada AD, Macías-waldman N, Salmerón J, Swigart T, Gallegos-carrillo K. Physical activity and calorie intake mediate the relationship from depression to body fat mass among female Mexican health workers. 2017;1–13. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693575/
33. Seaton CL, Bottorff JL, Jones-bricker M, Lamont S. The Role of Positive Emotion and Ego-Resilience in Determining Men’ s Physical Activity Following a Workplace Health Intervention. 2018. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30334492/
Publicado
2024-09-23
Sección
Original Articles
